Laws of Inheritance
Based on his experiments on pea plants Mendel developed 3 Laws of Inheritance:
Law of _______
One version of a trait will mask another version
Law of _
Each individual has 2 alleles for each trait, and during meiosis they separate. Each gamete only has one allele for each trait.
Law of _ _
Alleles separate independently of each other during meiosis. A dominant allele for one trait does not guarantee inheritance of a dominant allele for a different trait.
The Law of Dominance
In first generation of the pea plant experiment the green seed color ________________
In the second generation the green seed color _
From this Mendel was able to determine that each gene has 2 alleles, one that is _ and one is _
Dominant trait - __
Recessive trait -
The trait that is masked
In the seed color experiment which trait is dominant and which trait is recessive?
Dominant Trait - _
Recessive Trait - _
We represent the different alleles of a gene with a letter. The dominant allele is alway a capital letter, and the recessive allele a lower case letter.
- yellow seed
- green seed
Each organism has two alleles for each trait. There are 3 possible combinations.
YY - _
Yy - _
yy - _
Homozygous -____________________
YY and yy
Heterozygous -
Yy
Genotype -
YY, Yy, yy
Phenotype -
Yellow or green
Punnett Square
A Punnett square is a tool used to predict the outcome of a cross by showing all the possible combinations of all the possible gametes.

Parent 1: Yy & Parent 2: Yy
Distribute parent alleles
Copy alleles from top box row into the rows below
Copy alleles from left column into columns across

Calculate
1 YY:2Yy:1yy OR 25% YY, 50% Yy, 25% yy
Calculate
3 yellow:1 green OR 75% yellow, 25% green

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