In what ways does racial discrimination result in lower levels of education for African American workers?
Select the correct answer below:
a. discrimination in housing markets causes African American families to live clustered together in certain poorer neighborhoods with lower quality schools
b. in the past, when African Americans were effectively barred from many highpaying jobs, obtaining additional education could have seemed somewhat pointless, because the educational degrees would not pay off
c. a legacy of past discrimination may contribute to an attitude that African Americans will have a difficult time succeeding in academic subjects
d. all of the above