Pawtuckaway Pharma tests over 5,000 different possible molecules as potential treatment for itchy toe syndrome. None qualifies for further testing, for various reasons (inefficacy, side effects, difficulty to make. . . ) . Do the results of testing qualify as a trade secret, if Pawtuckaway Pharma takes security measures to keep them secret?
a) No, the information about useless chemicals is not commercially valuable
b) Yes, the negative results are valuable information because they reduce the costs of further testing, having eliminated 5,000 candidates
c) No, a trade secret must be positive information
d) Yes, all testing information is a trade secret