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Polarity of the covalent bond occurs when thers is an unequal sharing between the atoms.

Atoms that form covalent bonds share the electrons, but the distribution of the electrons is equal or non -polar only when the bond is form by identical atoms, like for example in the oxygen molecule (O2).
In the cases where the bond is formed by different atoms, the atom that has the greater electronegativity, ability to attract electrons, attracts the electrons more to it's atomic core, causing the polarity of the molecule.

Answer:

Polarity occurs when there is an unequal sharing of electrons between atoms.

Explanation:

Polarity is separation of an electrical charge in molecule.

This polarity in the molecule is due to unequal sharing of electrons between the atoms due to which partial positive and partial negative charges gets created in the molecule.

This creation leads to formation of a dipole and a polar bond in a molecule.

One of the main reason behind the formation of polar bonds is electronegativity difference between the two atoms bonded together.

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