50 Points

FOR PLATO USERS (Relationships in Ecosystems)

Select the correct answers.

1. Pistol shrimps and gobies depend on each other for their shelter and protection, and they have a beneficial relationship with each other. What’s this symbiotic relation called?

A. mutualism
B. commensalism
C. facultative parasitism
D. obligate parasitism

2. Acid rain and other forms of pollution can cause soil acidification, which decreases the number of decomposers in the soil. What is most likely to happen to an ecosystem that experiences soil acidification?

A. The level of energy available in the ecosystem would increase, which would cause the population of autotrophs to increase.
B. The population of primary consumers would increase because of decreased competition from decomposers.
C. The population of primary consumers would increase because of increased production by autotrophs.
D. The level of available nutrients in the soil would decrease, which would cause the population of producers to decrease.

The image shows a food web in a marsh ecosystem.

3. In this ecosystem, pollution and human activities have caused a rapid decrease in the population of eagles. At the same time, a virus has caused the population of rabbits to decline. Based on this information, what changes are most likely to occur in the ecosystem?

A: The population of frogs will decrease because of increased predation by snakes.
B: The population of storks will increase because of decreased competition with eagles.
C: The population of gnats will decrease because of a decrease in the amount of grass available.
D: The population of grass will decrease because of increased predation by rabbits.
E: The population of snakes will increase because of decreased predation by eagles.

4. Mycorrhizae are associations formed by fungi that grow on the roots of trees. These fungi penetrate into the roots of the trees. The trees produce energy through photosynthesis and share it with the fungi. The fungi act as decomposers, breaking down dead organic matter to provide nutrients for the trees to grow. What kind of a relationship is exhibited in this example?

A. The fungi share a mutualistic association with the trees.
B. The fungi are a parasite for trees.
C. The fungi share a commensal association with the trees.
D. The fungi are predators for the trees.

Use The Energy Pyramid For The Following :

5. The image is an energy pyramid for a particular food chain. The amount of energy received by the macaws will beA. Macaws are captured and kept as pets. If the number of macaws decreases because of excess capture, the amount of energy received by the ocelots will beB.

A. 56,000 Cal. / 560,000 Cal. / 560 Cal.
B. More Than 5,600 Cal. / Less Than 5,600 Cal. / Equal To 5,600 Cal.

1. Pistol shrimps and gobies depend on each other for their shelter and protection, and they have a beneficial relationship with each other. What’s this symbiotic relation called?

A. mutualism

Because they are both getting a benefit of their symbiotic relation

2. Acid rain and other forms of pollution can cause soil acidification, which decreases the number of decomposers in the soil. What is most likely to happen to an ecosystem that experiences soil acidification?

D. The level of available nutrients in the soil would decrease, which would cause the population of producers to decrease.

In totally acid soils, potassium, calcium, and magnesium are wasted due to leaching. Low levels of calcium and magnesium can also create stock health difficulties such as milk fever and grass tetany.

The image shows a food web in a marsh ecosystem.

3. In this ecosystem, pollution and human activities have caused a rapid decrease in the population of eagles. At the same time, a virus has caused the population of rabbits to decline. Based on this information, what changes are most likely to occur in the ecosystem?

E: The population of snakes will increase because of decreased predation by eagles.

The decline in the eagle population due to human activities and pollution will increase the population of the organisms lying in the lower trophic levels such as stock and snakes which the eagle used to obtain as a source of food.

4. Mycorrhizae are associations formed by fungi that grow on the roots of trees. These fungi penetrate into the roots of the trees. The trees produce energy through photosynthesis and share it with the fungi. The fungi act as decomposers, breaking down dead organic matter to provide nutrients for the trees to grow. What kind of a relationship is exhibited in this example?

A. The fungi share a mutualistic association with the trees.

Mutualism is a relationship in which both of the species are benefited.

The fungal species provides trees with nutrients after the process of decomposition, that are necessary for the growth of the trees. In return the fungal species obtains carbohydrates produced by photosynthesis from the roots of the trees.

Use The Energy Pyramid For The Following :

5. The image is an energy pyramid for a particular food chain. The amount of energy received by the macaws will be__A__. Macaws are captured and kept as pets. If the number of macaws decreases because of excess capture, the amount of energy received by the ocelots will be__B__.

A. 56,000 Cal.

B. Less Than 5,600 Cal.

producer 5600000

primary consumer 560000

secondary consumer 56000

tertiary consumer 56000

as the secondary consumers are captured and kept as pets the tertiary consumer will get less than it should