Answer: D) The lead (II) nitrate is the reaction's limiting reactant.
Explanation:
[tex]\text{no of moles of iron(III) chloride}={\text{Molarity}\times {\text{Volume in L}}[/tex]
[tex]\text{no of moles of iron(III) chloride}={0.100M}\times {0.05L}=5\times 10^{-3}[/tex]
[tex]\text{no of moles of lead nitrate}={\text{Molarity}\times {\text{Volume in L}}[/tex]
[tex]\text{no of moles of lead nitrate}={\text{0.100M}\times {0.05L}=5\times 10^{-3}[/tex]
[tex]2FeCl_3+3Pb(NO_3)_2\rightarrow 2Fe(NO_3)_3+3PbCl_2[/tex]
As can be seen from the balanced chemical equation, 3 moles of lead nitrate react with 2 moles of ferric chloride.
Thus [tex]5\times 10^{-3}[/tex] moles of lead nitrate react with [tex]=\frac{2}{3}\times {5\times 10^{-3}}={3.33\times 10^{-3}}[/tex] of ferric chloride.
[tex]5\times 10^{-3}-{3.33\times 10^{-3}}=1.67\times 10^{-3}[/tex]moles of ferric chloride will be left unreacted.
Limiting reagent is the reagent which limits the formation of product. Excess reagent is one which is in excess and thus remains unreacted.
Thus lead nitrate is the limiting reagent and ferric chloride is the excess reagent.
