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6. If DNA is stuck in the nucleus, but proteins are made in the ribosomes (out in the cytoplasm), how do we get the information out of the nucleus?

a. Messanger RNA (mRNA)

b. Enzymes

c. Transfer RNA (tRNA)

d. Helper RNA (hRNA)


11. How do tRNA molecules know where to go?

a. They look at the DNA coding

b. They complement the mRNA strand

c. They guess

d. They get help from the ribosomes


16. True or False: After a protein sequence is made, it needs to fold into the correct shape.

18. What is one characteristic that determines how the protein folds?

a. The amino acids hydrophobicity

b. The DNA

c. The color of the amino acid

d. Both hydrophobicity and color


19. If all the amino acids were hydrophobic and you placed them in water, what would happen to the shape of the protein?

a. It would squish into a ball (as best as possible)

b. It would flatten out

c. Half would flatten and half would be a ball

d. All the above


20. What is a mutation?

a. When something gets changed, or there is a mistake in the DNA sequence

b. When the DNA strand accidentally leaves the nucleus

c. When the mRNA strand doesn’t attach to a ribosome

d. No protein forms


21. Describe the effects a DNA mutation could have on a protein.

a. The mutation might code for a different amino acid

b. It a letter is deleted it could shift the reading frame and change all the subsequent amino acids

c. A hydrophobic amino acid could change to a hydrophilic amino acid which would cause the protein to fold differently.

d. All the above