The Jim Crow South was known as the states were the Jim Crow Laws were valid. These were the states that formed the Confederacy during the Civil War.
The Jim Crow Laws made institutional segregation between African Americans and Whites possible. Facilities were made exclusively for African Americans. This segregation extended public education, spaces, and transportation. African Americans who wanted to move north often confronted many hardships due to the segregation of public services. These also included many benefits they received as citizens. All of these factors contributed to making it difficult for African Americans to move north.
