Answer:
a. The pH of the matrix increases is the correct answer.
Explanation:
When electrons flow along the electron transport chains of mitochondria,The pH of the matrix increases because the electron transport chain is forming a gradient of hydrogen ions in respects to the matrix and the inner membrane surface of the mitochondria.
The concentration of hydrogen ion outside is higher as compared to the matrix. Thus due to higher concentration of hydrogen ions outside creates lower pH and the pH of the matrix increases.
When electrons flow along the electron transport chains of mitochondria, the pH of the matrix increases (Option a).
Cellular respiration has three main stages: glycolysis, the citric (Krebs) cycle and oxidative phosphorylation.
Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm, whereas the citric cycle and oxidative phosphorylation occur in the mitochondria.
During oxidative phosphorylation, the transport of electrons through a series of protein complexes localized in the inner mitochondrial membrane is coupled to the movement of protons (H+) against a concentration gradient from the mitochondrial matrix into the intermembrane space.
In consequence, the outside concentration of protons (H+) is higher than the mitochondrial matrix (a high pH corresponds to a low concentration of H+).
This gradient of concentration is used to synthesize ATP by an ATP synthase.
In conclusion, when electrons flow along the electron transport chains of mitochondria, the pH of the matrix increases (Option a).
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