A major characteristic of the Mandate of Heaven in China is C. the right to rule depended on continued divine approval.
This divine approval could be lost when another dynasty outs the ruling dynasty. The emperor's popularity with the people signals the Mandate of Heaven. In recent years, the Chinese Communist Party has, surreptitiously, employed the Mandate of Heaven with its moral and economic performances as indices to justify its stranglehold on China.
The Zhou Dynasty (1046-256 BCE) was the first to employ the Mandate of Heaven, justifying the overthrow of the Shang Dynasty. The Mandate of Heaven propagated the idea of only one legitimate ruler of China at a time and that this ruler had the blessing of the gods.
The last dynasty that depended on the Mandate of Heaven was the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644). The Ming Dynasty was overthrown, and subsequently, the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911) brought China to its 20th-century state.
Thus, the major characteristic of the Mandate of Heaven in China is that the establishment of a dynasty depends on divine approval.
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