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The nursing instructor is reviewing the plan of care with a nursing student who is caring for a client with an altered immune system and the role of interferons is discussed. Which statement by the nursing student indicates a need for further teaching? 1. "They are produced by several types of cells." 2. "They are effective against a wide variety of viruses." 3. "They are effective against a wide variety of bacteria." 4. "They have been effective to some degree in the treatment of melanoma."

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Answer:

The correct answer is options 1: "They are produced by several types of cells" and 3: "They are effective against a wide rande of bacteria".

Explanation:

Interferons, also known as IFNs, are a group of proteins that are produced by host cells (those that can serve as "home" for the viruses). Their function is to communicate the other cells of the presence of a virus and activate their anti-virus defense. The first statement made by the nursing student that indicates a need for further teaching is number 1 because IFNs are only produced by these "host cells", not by several types.  Number 3 is neither possible since they are effective against a wide range of viruses (option 2 is correct), not bacteria.

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