Compare and contrast between bonds and molecules of polar and non-polar:
Non-polar covalent bonds are a type of covalent bond in which a pair of electrons is shared with each other between two atoms.
Polar covalent bond is a type of covalent bond in which pair of electrons are not equally shared between two atoms. We can also say bonds are polar when one element in a compound is more electronegative than the other.
The bond shared in the compound of carbon dioxide between carbon and oxygen atoms is non-polar covalent bond whereas the shared in the compound of water between hydrogen and oxygen atom is polar-covalent bond.
Polar molecules are those molecules where there is an “electronegativity difference between the bonded atoms”.
For eg: Water - [tex]H_{2}O[/tex], Ammonia - [tex]NH_{3}[/tex], Sulfur dioxide - [tex]SO_{2}[/tex], Hydrogen sulfide - [tex]H_{2}S[/tex], Ethanol - [tex]C_{2}H_{6}O[/tex], etc.
Non-polar molecules are those molecules sharing equal electrons between “atoms of a diatomic molecule” or large molecule cancel each other.
For eg: Carbon dioxide - [tex]CO_{2}[/tex], Benzene - [tex]C_{6}H_{6}[/tex], Carbon tetrachloride - [tex]CCl_{4}[/tex], Methane - [tex]CH_{4}[/tex], Ethylene - [tex]C_{2}H_{4}[/tex], etc.
