Respuesta :
Answer:
297.1 mL of 1.0 M sodium sulfate has smallest number of ions.
Explanation:
[tex]Moles (n)=Molarity(M)\times Volume (L)[/tex]
A) 156.5 mL of 2.0 M iron(III) chloride
Volume of iron(III) chloride solution = 156.5 mL = 0.1565 L
Molarity of the iron(III) chloride = 2.0 M
Moles of iron(III) chloride = n
[tex]n=2.0 M\times 0.1565 L=0.313 mol[/tex]
1 mole of iron(III) chloride gives 1 mol ferric ion and 3 mol chloride ions.
Number of ferric ions = 0.313 mol
Number of chloride ions = 0.313 mol × 3 = 0.939 mol
Total moles of ions = 1.252 moles
B) 521.4 mL of 1.0 M lithium nitrate:
Volume of lithium nitrate solution = 521.4 mL = 0.5214 L
Molarity of the lithium nitrate = 1.0 M
Moles of lithium nitrate = n
[tex]n=1.0 M\times 0.5214 L=0.5214 mol[/tex]
1 mole of lithium nitrate gives 1 mol lithium ion and 1 mol nitrate ions.
Number of lithium ions = 0.5214 mol
Number of nitrate ions = 0.5214 mol
Total moles of ions = 1.0428 mol
C) 374.3 mL of 2.0 M potassium hydroxide :
Volume of potassium hydroxide solution = 374.3 mL = 0.3743 L
Molarity of the potassium hydroxide = 2.0 M
Moles of potassium hydroxide = n
[tex]n=2.0 M\times 0.3743 L=0.7486 mol[/tex]
1 mole of potassium hydroxide gives 1 mol potassium ion and 1 mol hydroxide ions.
Number of potassium ions = 0.7486 mol
Number of hydroxide ions = 0.7486 mol
Total moles of ions = 1.4972 mol
E) 297.1 mL of 1.0 M sodium sulfate:
Volume of sodium sulfate solution = 297.1 mL = 0.2971 L
Molarity of the sodium sulfate = 1.0 M
Moles of sodium sulfate = n
[tex]n=1.0 M\times 0.2971 L=0.2971 mol[/tex]
1 mole of sodium sulfate gives 1 mol sodium ion and 2 mol sulafte ions.
Number of sodium ions = 0.2971 mol
Number of sulfate ions = 0.2971 mol × 2 = 0.5942 mol
Total moles of ion = 0.8913 mol
Higher the number of moles more with number of ions in the solution and vice-versa.
297.1 mL of 1.0 M sodium sulfate has smallest number of ions.
Iron III chloride contains the smallest number of ions.
For iron(III) chloride (FeCl3);
Number of moles of Fe^3+ = 1/3 × 156.5/1000 × 2 = 0.104 moles
Number of moles of Cl^- = (156.5/1000 × 2) = 0.313 moles
Total number of moles of ions = 0.104 moles + 0.313 moles = 0.417 moles
1 mole of ions contains 6.02 × 10^23 ions
0.417 moles of ions contain 0.417 moles × 6.02 × 10^23 ions/1 mole
= 2.5 × 10^23 ions
For lithium nitrate(LiNO3);
Number of moles of Li^+ = 521.4/1000 × 1 = 0.521 moles
Number of moles of NO3^- = 521.4/1000 × 1 = 0.521 moles
Total number of moles of ions = 0.521 moles + 0.521 moles = 1.042 moles
1 mole of ions contain 6.02 × 10^23 ions
1.042 moles contain 1.042 moles × 6.02 × 10^23 ions/1 mole
= 6.27 × 10^23 ions
For potassium hydroxide (KOH);
Number of moles of K^+ = 374.3/1000 × 2 = 0.749 moles
Number of moles of OH^- = 374.3/1000 × 2 = 0.749 moles
Total number of moles of ions = 0.749 moles + 0.749 moles = 1.498 moles
1 mole of ions contain 6.02 × 10^23 ions
1.498 moles of ions contain 1.498 moles × 6.02 × 10^23 ions/1 mole
= 9.02 × 10^23 ions
For sodium sulfate(Na2SO4);
Number of moles of Na^+ =297.1 /1000 × 1 = 0.297 moles
Number of moles of SO4^2- = 1/2 × 297.1 /1000 × 1 =0.149 moles
Total number of moles = 0.297 moles + 0.149 moles = 0.446 moles
1 mole of ions contain 6.02 × 10^23 ions
0.446 moles of ions contain 0.446 moles × 6.02 × 10^23 ions/1 mole
= 2.68 × 10^23 ions
Hence Iron III chloride contains the smallest number of ions.
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