A climbing rope exerts a force given by F=−kx−cx2. Find an expression for c such that when the rope is stretched a distance d its potential energy is twice what it would be if the rope were an ideal spring with F=−kx.

Respuesta :

Answer:

[tex]c=\frac{3}{2}\frac{k}{d}[/tex]

Explanation:

For the climbing rope, the force is given by,

[tex]F_c=-kx-cx^2[/tex]

Now, we know that for any conservative force,

[tex]F=-\frac{dV}{dx}[/tex] (one dimensional case)

where, V = potential energy

Therefore, the potential energy of the rope is given by,

[tex]V_c=\int {kx+cx^2} \, dx =\frac{kx^2}{2} +\frac{cx^3}{3} +a[/tex]

a is a constant, which can be taken to be zero depending on our choice of zero potential. Hence,

[tex]V_c=\frac{kx^2}{2} +\frac{cx^3}{3}[/tex]

Similarly, we can find the potential energy of an ideal spring,

[tex]V=\frac{1}{2}kx^2[/tex]

Now, it is given that at x = d,

[tex]V_c=2V[/tex]

or, [tex]\frac{kd^2}{2}+\frac{cd^3}{3}=kd^2[/tex]

or, [tex]c=\frac{3}{2}\frac{k}{d}[/tex]