Answer:
Sine and cosine
Explanation:
Velocity is a vector, so it can be resolved into two components into two perpendicular direction.
Generally, we take the x- and the y- direction of the cartesian plane.
If call v the velocity vector, then the components of the velocity along the two directions are:
[tex]v_x = v cos \theta\\v_y = v sin \theta[/tex]
where [tex]\theta[/tex] is the angle between the direction of the velocity and the x-axis.
Therefore, the resultant velocity can be found from its components by re-arranging the two equations above:
[tex]v=\frac{v_x}{cos \theta}\\v=\frac{v_y}{sin \theta}[/tex]
Therefore, the two functions that are used are the sine and the cosine.
