Answer: There is no oxygen for astronauts to breathe, so spacecraft must be airtight. There is nothing to hold the sun's heat, so objects in space can experience a wide range of temperature.
In space, a vacuum lacks any matter and has low pressure than the atmospheric pressure. Lack of air and extreme temperatures are the challenges in vacuum space.
Space is the area in the universe that is found outside the earth's atmosphere and holds the moon, satellite, black holes, milky way, etc.
The lack of air is a challenge as the astronauts need oxygen to breathe and survive, and hence the aircraft or the shuttles must be airtight.
The temperature around the sun is high and extreme which can affect the aircraft, so the objects in the space have to experience a wider range of temperatures.
Therefore, option B. lack of air and extreme temperatures are the two challenges.
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