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What Is Exercise-Induced Asthma?

Exercise can cause shortness of breath in anyone. Airflow obstruction that occurs because of exercise is exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB). An older term for this condition is exercise-induced asthma. This term wrongly suggests that exercise causes asthma. As many as 90% of all people who have asthma will experience symptoms of EIB during exercise. For teenagers and young adults, this may be the most common cause of asthma symptoms.

What Are the Symptoms of EIB?

Symptoms of EIB include:

Coughing

Wheezing

Chest tightness

Shortness of breath

Coughing is the most common symptom of EIB and may be the only symptom you have.

Symptoms usually do not occur immediately at the start of exercise. The symptoms of EIB may begin during exercise and will usually be worse 5 to 10 minutes after stopping exercise. Symptoms most often resolve in another 20 to 30 minutes and can range from mild to severe. Occasionally, some individuals will experience a second wave (i.e. “late-phase”) of symptoms four to twelve hours after stopping exercise. Late-phase symptoms are frequently less severe and can take up to 24 hours to resolve.

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The dry and/or cold air is the main trigger for airway narrowing (bronchoconstriction). Exercise that exposes you to cold, dry air is more likely to cause asthma symptoms than exercise involving warm and humid air. Other triggers that can make EIB symptoms worse: Pollution levels.