Martin Luther's essential beliefs—that salvation is obtained through faith alone, not through works and that the Bible is the exclusive source of religious authority shaped the fundamentals of Protestantism.
Why was Martin Luther upset with the Catholic Church?
Luther grew increasingly enraged at the church for hawking "indulgences," which guaranteed absolution from sin-related punishments for either the living or the dead who were thought to be in purgatory. He wrote his "95 Theses" on October 31, 1517, denouncing indulgence sales and papal abuses.
King Jr. and Luther both spoke out against the oppression of the poor. Over indulgences, Luther's disagreements with the Catholic Church's views on justification and salvation came to a head. Indulgences might be bought at the time to waive the consequences of sin.
Thus, Luther held that salvation is by grace through faith alone and that this sums up everything in Christian philosophy. He considered that the Catholic Church of his day had misunderstood this and had made a mistake.
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