Respuesta :
Answer : In the polar molecule HBr, the charge on hydrogen is partial positive charge.
Explanation :
Polar molecule : It is defined as a chemical species where the distribution of electrons between the covalently bonded atoms is not equal.
As a result the net dipole moment of a polar molecule has opposing charges that means one atom has partial positive charge and another atom has partial negative charge.
As we know that HBr is a polar molecule due to the electronegativity difference between hydrogen and bromine.
The charge creates on hydrogen atom is partial positive and the charge creates on bromine atom is partial negative.
Hence, in the polar molecule HBr, the charge on hydrogen is partial positive charge.
Considering the definition of polar molecule, Br has a negative partial charge and H a positive partial charge.
The bond dipole moment can then be defined as the magnitude of the polarity in a bond. This moment represents the distribution of electron density in a bond.
The distribution of charges is due to the fact that the atoms that form them have different electronegativity, in such a way that when a covalent bond is created and the electrons are shared, the electrons of the bond are attracted with different force by the atoms that share them.
Then, a polar molecule is one that is neutral, that is, it does not have a net charge. But it has an internal distribution of charges that form a partially positive region and a partially negative region.
That is, polar bonds are established between atoms of different electronegativity, so that the atom with higher electronegativity will attract the electrons towards itself, giving rise to two opposite charges in the bond and creating a negative charge on the atom because the electrons have negative charge.
In this way, in a polar molecule there is separation between positive and negative charges. The bonds will be the more polar the greater the electronegativity difference between the bonded atoms.
In this case, bromine Br has a higher electronegativity and attracts electrons shared with hydrogen H more strongly. Then Br has a negative partial charge and H a positive partial charge.
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