Answer:
The correct answer to the question is option A (Temperatures in the area near the ground are lower due to the gas and particles blocking sunlight).
Explanation:
When molten rock flows onto the earth's surface volcano erupts, pushing out already heated gases and dust into the air. Sulfur dioxide and ash are key elements in deciding how volcanoes affect the surrounding temperature.
Volcanic eruptions affect temperatures in the atmosphere by blocking the amount of sun reaching the earth. The amount of sun reaching the earth is reduced due to Sulfur dioxide and the ash cools the area directly below the atmosphere. So as radiation from the sun is blocked or reduced this affects the temperature below and the temperature of the earth by lowering it. Rock, minerals, and some amount of Carbon dioxide, water vapor, fluorine, and some other gases can be found in ash during volcanic eruptions.