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Actually Welcome to the Concept of the Diseases.
When a doctor tries to figure out the cause of a disease, they are actually trying to figure out the etiology of the disease.
Etiology is the cause of a disease or the science that deals with such causes.
The word etiology comes from the Greek etio-, which means 'causation' and -ology, which refers to the scientific study of something (here relates to study or research on disease).
A disease's etiology, or cause, generally falls into three main categories; intrinsic, extrinsic and idiopathic.
1.) Intrinsic means coming from within. Therefore, any pathological, or disease-causing, change that has occurred from inside the body has occurred as a result of intrinsic factors.
e. g. Inherited conditions, or conditions that are passed down to you from your parents. An example of this is hemophilia, a disorder that leads to excessive bleeding.
2.)The second category of disease etiology is extrinsic etiologies. This means the cause of the disease, or pathological change, came from outside of the body.
e. g. Infectious agents like bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites.
3.)The third and final category of disease etiology is idiopathic, or of unknown cause.
e. g. It may be sudden pain in stomach,etc.
