Answer: d. produces less than the competitive outcome.
Explanation:
A monopolist by definition is the only one producing the certain good or service in question. This is in contrast with a competitive situation where many firms will be producing that same good.
Monopolies therefore will be unable to produce the same amount that a competitive outcome would because they would not have the capacity. This leads to a situation where monopolies can charge higher for their goods and services as opposed to competitive firms.
