Answer: (a) Z-score are 1 and -1.2 for northern and southern regions, respectively.
Explanation: Z-score is how many standard deviations a data is from the population mean or how far a data point is from the mean.
The z-score is calculated by the following:
[tex]z=\frac{x-\mu}{\sigma}[/tex]
where
x is the data point
μ is population mean
σ is standard deviation
For the northern region birds:
μ = 10, σ = 3, x = 13
[tex]z=\frac{13-10}{3}[/tex]
z = 1
The z-score for birds living in the northern region is 1, which means it is 1 standard deviation above the mean.
For the southern region:
μ = 16, σ = 2.5, x = 13
[tex]z=\frac{13-16}{2.5}[/tex]
z = -1.2
The z-score for southern living birds is -1.2, meaning it is 1.2 standard deviations below the mean.
