Answer:
The Great Seal of the United States of America during the American Civil War
Union states in the American Civil War California Connecticut Delaware Illinois
indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New York
Ohio
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
Vermont
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Dual governments
Kentucky
Missouri
Virginia
West Virginia
Territories and D.C.
Arizona
Colorado
Dakota
District of Columbia
Idaho
Indian Territory
Montana
Nebraska
New Mexico
Utah
Washington
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Seal of Maryland during the war
During the American Civil War (1861–1865), Maryland, a slave state, was one of the border states, straddling the South and North. Despite some popular support for the cause of the Confederate States of America, Maryland would not secede during the Civil War. Because the state bordered the District of Columbia and the strong desire of the opposing factions within the state to sway public opinion towards their respective causes, Maryland played an important role in the war. Newly elected 16th President Abraham Lincoln (1809–1865, served 1861–1865), suspended the constitutional right of habeas corpus from Washington DC to Philadelphia, PA; and he dismissed Chief Justice Roger B. Taney of the U.S. Supreme Court's "Ex parte Merryman" decision in 1861 concerning freeing John Merryman, a prominent Southern sympathizer from Baltimore County arrested by the military and held in Fort McHenry (then nicknamed the "Baltimore Bastille"). The Chief Justice (not in a decision with the other justices) had held that the suspension was unconstitutional and could only be done by Congress and would leave lasting civil and legal scars. The decision was filed in the U.S. Circuit Court for Maryland by Chief Justice Roger Brooke Taney, a Marylander from Frederick and former member of the administration of the seventh President Andrew Jackson, who had nominated him two decades earlier.
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