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Hydrogen bonding!
 
Since hydrogen is partially negative, and oxygen is partially positive, the water molecules form a hydrogen bond which is incredibly strong which is why it has the standard specific heat of 1.


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Water has high heat specific capacity. Heat specific capacity is the amount of heat that is needed to raise the temperature of one gram of particular substance by one degree Celsius. The high specific heat capacity of water is due to the hydrogen bond that exist among the molecules of water. The hydrogen bond is quite strong and it will take a lot of heat to break the bonds. Thus, it takes a lot of heating to increased the temperature of water by one degree Celsius. This is also the reason why water has high boiling point.