Answer:
As the civilization of Sumer weakened, the Babylonians took over. King Hammurabi declared Babylon to be the capital of Babylonia. The Babylonians had a different language than the Sumerians. However, they believed in most of the same gods. To the Sumerians, Marduk was an important god. To the Babylonians, Marduk was the most important god of all.
3500 years ago, ancient Babylon was quite a place! It was a massive walled city, with a network of canals and vivid green crops. In ancient times, it was the custom for each city to select one god as their special patron. It will probably come as no surprise to you to discover that the special patron god selected by King Hammurabi for his capital city of Babylon was the one and only, chief of all the gods, Marduk. Since the city was built in honor of Marduk, it had to be the best city in the world. Indeed, for its time, it probably was.
While Babylon was both large and crowded, Babylon remained greatly calm and at peace for a city of its size. Order was kept by Hammurabi's Code of Law, a stele standing in the center of town with each of Hammurabi's laws engraved in the stone. Because his Code of Law is recognized as one of the word's first set of written laws, it may be what Hammurabi is best remembered for.
Due to the law and order provided by Hammurabi's code, the city thrived. Due to its central geographic location, situated between cities to the north and cities to the south, Babylon became a center for trade and the city prospered. There was much to buy, like fresh fruits and vegetables, baked breads and cheese, warm coats, gold jewelry, and date wine. Inside Babylon's walls, life teemed.
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