The independent variable is the method that Jennifer uses to reinforce the puppies while for Sasha, it is the treat that was given and in Rosie's case, it was the harsh sound.
From the complete question, the dependent variable is the agility that was exhibited by the puppies.
The confounding variables include the weather, mood of the puppies during the experiment, etc.
For the behavioral shaping, the schedule of reinforcement is seen with Sasha. Also, the reinforcer is provided when Sasha exhibits the behavior that is approximate to the desired one.
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