The concept whereby each layer is based on the idea that the lower layers are older than the top layers is known as superposition.
Superposition simply means the placement of a particular thing above or on top of another. In this case, the principle is used to determine whether one sedimentary rock is older than another.
It should be noted that sedimentary rocks form through the accumulation of layers in different environments like sea floor, lake or desert.
The sediment will then consolidate to become rock strata. The layers are deposited over a period of time in such a way that the layer on the top is younger than the layer on the bottom.
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