The people King cites can be classified as major social leaders and religious figures. The effect he creates by quoting all these people is to equate himself with them and show that his argument would be supported by big names.
King compared himself to the likes of Gandhi, Jesus Christ, and other big names. He did this to show important people who created social and religious change and who were strongly judged and even killed for their ideals that are currently defended.
He did this to show how he was also misjudged and could meet an end like these people for fighting for what he believed in.
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