The physical property which allows the different fractions to be separated is boiling point.
Fractional distillation is a kind of separation process in which separation of any compound will be done on its constitute components through the heating of compound.
At different temperature each component will separate out from the compound as they all have different boiling point. Boling point is the physical property as it change the state of the compound.
Hence required property is a boiling point.
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