The basic principles that apply to circuits is that electrons must receive energy from a source, and electrons transfer energy to perform some useful function.
Individual electronic components, like resistors, transistors, are connected by metallic wires or traces by which the electric current can flow to form a circuit design.
The basic principles that apply to circuits will be;
1. Electrons must receive energy from a source.
2. Electrons transfer energy to perform some useful function.
Hence, option 1 and 2 are correct.
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