Ammonia (NH3) and formaldehyde (H2CO) each have three bonds around the central atom; however, their molecular shapes are different. Explain this observation.

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12-06-2022
Chemistry

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Ammonia (NH3) and formaldehyde (H2CO) each have three bonds around the central atom; however, their molecular shapes are different. Explain this observation.

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pstnonsonjoku pstnonsonjoku · Answer 1 · 2022-06-14T20:20:18+02:00

The presence of the lone pair on nitrogen in NH3 explains why the molecule has a different shape from H2CO in which there is no lone pair

What is molecular shape?

The molecular shape of a compound is determined by the number of electron pairs that surround the central atom in the molecule.

Let us also note that the presence of lone pairs distorts the shape of a molecule from the ideal prediction of the valence shell electron pair repulsion theory.

Thus, the presence of the lone pair on nitrogen in NH3 explains why the molecule has a different shape from H2CO in which there is no lone pair on the central atom.

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