The maximum acceleration will be 1.6m/s^2
Let a1 = 5.0m/s^2
the maximum acceleration of the truck alone. The force produced by the engine to accelerate the truck in this situation is
F = ma1
with m being the mass of the truck alone.
If we attach a bus of twice the mass of the truck, now the whole system (truck+bus) has a mass of (m+2m)=3m. And in this case, the force produced by the engine is
F = 3ma2
with a2 being the new acceleration.
The engine is always the same, so the force produced is still the same, so we can equalize F written in the first equation and in the second equation:
ma1 = 3ma2
and find a2, the new acceleration
a2 = ma1/3
a2 = 5/3 m/s^2
Therefore a2 = 1.6m/s^2
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