Marx argued that the oppressed would become aware of their common oppression and develop and become unified in a cause to advance their class interests as according to Marx workers first become conscious of sharing common grievances against capitalists thus forming a class in itself and eventually develop an the self-understanding of members of a social class. This modern sociological concept has its origins in, and is closely associated with Marxist theory.
Although Karl Marx himself did not articulate a theory of class consciousness, he intimated the concept in his characterization of the working class. According to Marx, workers first become conscious of sharing common grievances against capitalists thus forming a class in itself and eventually develop an awareness of themselves as forming a social class opposed to the bourgeoisie (thus becoming a class for itself the proletariat. .Class consciousness is a historical phenomenon, born out of collective struggle. In this sense Marx did not approach class consciousness as a matter of pure ideality. Rejecting any separation of theory and practice, he used the term conscious human practices” to emphasize the conjunction of subjectivity and objectivity in history.
In his seminal study of class consciousness the Hungarian Marxist philosopher stressed the need to distinguish between class consciousness and the ideas or feelings actually held by the members of a social class. An objective analysis of class consciousness according to Lukacs must take into account those thoughts and feelings but also those that the members would have held were they able to acquire a true picture of their situation and of society as a whole.
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