Organelles called mitochondria transform chemical energy from food into molecules that are easier for cells to utilize.
- The majority of the chemical energy required to drive a cell's metabolic operations is produced by mitochondria, which are membrane-bound cell organelles (mitochondrion, singular). Adenosine triphosphate, a tiny molecule, serves as a storage container for the chemical energy generated by the mitochondria (ATP).
- Small chromosomes found in mitochondria are found there. In most cases, mitochondria and consequently mitochondrial DNA are exclusively passed down from the mother.
- Small molecules can freely pass through the outer mitochondrial membrane, which also has specialized channels that can carry big molecules. Contrarily, the inner membrane is much less permeable, permitting only extremely small molecules to enter the gel-like matrix that constitutes the center bulk of the organelle.
- The matrix houses the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle enzymes as well as the mitochondrial genome's deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).
Therefore, mitochondria is the correct answer.
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