Respuesta :
Answer: 1) only a salt and water
An acid and base reacts together to undergo neutralization to form salt and water.
[tex]HCl+NaOH\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O[/tex]
where HCl is an acid and NaOH is a base to form salt (NaCl) and water [tex](H_2O)[/tex].
Answer: 2) The formula of the hydrogen ion is often written as [tex]H^+[/tex].
All acids dissociate in water to give [tex]H^+[/tex] ions.
Answer: 3) Arrhenius acids are substances that ionizes to yield protons in aqueous solution.
[tex]HCl\rightarrow H^++Cl^-[/tex]
Arrhenius bases are substance that ionizes to yield hydroxide ions in aqueous solution.
[tex]NaOH\rightarrow Na^++OH^-[/tex]
Answer: 4) A conjugate acid base pair transfers hydrogen ion.
[tex]CH_3COO^-+H_2O\rightarrow CH_3COOH+H_3O^+[/tex]
Here [tex]CH_3COO^-[/tex] accepts a proton and thus act as a base and the corresponding [tex]CH_3COOH[/tex] is its conjugate acid.
Answer: 5) Bronsted Lowry acid is a substance that donates protons. Bronsted Lowry base is a substance that accepts protons.
[tex]NH_4^+[/tex] and [tex] NH_3[/tex]
[tex]NH_3+H^+\rightarrow NH_4^+[/tex]
[tex]NH_3[/tex] is a acid which accepts proton and thus acts as base to form conjugate acid [tex]NH_4^+[/tex].
1. [tex]\boxed{\text{Salt and water}}[/tex] are formed when an acid reacts with a base.
2. The formula of hydrogen ion is often written as [tex]\boxed{\text{H}^+}[/tex].
3. According to Arrhenius, an acid is [tex]\boxed{\text{a substance that ionizes to yield protons in aqueous solution}}[/tex].
4. [tex]\boxed{\text{Hydrogen ion}}[/tex] is transferred between a conjugate acid-base pair.
5. [tex]\boxed{\text{NH}_4^+\text{and}\text{ }\text{NH}_3}}[/tex] represent Bronsted Lowry acid base pair.
Further Explanation:
1. Acids have hydrogen ions in them that can combined with hydroxide ion of base. As a result, water is formed by combination of [tex]\text{H}^+[/tex] and [tex]\text{OH}^-[/tex] ions. Also, anion of acid combines with cation of base and form salt. So salt and water are formed by combination of acid and base.
2. Symbol for hydrogen is H. It has only one electron in its valence shell. In order to form ion, this single electron is donated and cation is formed by removal of electron. So hydrogen ion is written as [tex]\text{H}^+[/tex].
3. Acids and bases are defined in accordance with three different theories. Arrhenius theory is one such theory that defines acids and bases on their behavior in aqueous solutions.
According to Arrhenius concept, substances that donate hydrogen ion or protons in solutions are termed as acids while substances that donates hydroxide ions in solutions.
4. Conjugate acid is counterpart of base while conjugate base is counterpart of acid. Conjugate base is formed by removal of hydrogen ions from acid and conjugate acid is formed by addition of hydrogen ions to base. Therefore hydrogen ion is transferred between conjugate acid-base pair.
5. Bronsted Lowry theory termed acids as species that are proton or hydrogen ion donor while bases are substances that act as proton or hydrogen ion acceptor. Since [tex]\text{NH}_3}[/tex] can easily accept hydrogen ions, it acts as Bronsted Lowry base. Similarly [tex]\text{NH}_4^+[/tex] can easily donate hydrogen ion to any other species, it acts as Bronsted Lowry acid. Therefore [tex]\text{NH}_3}[/tex] and [tex]\text{NH}_4^+[/tex] represent Bronsted Lowry acid base pair.
Learn more:
1. The reason for the acidity of water: https://brainly.com/question/1550328
2. Reason for the acidic and basic nature of amino acid: https://brainly.com/question/5050077
Answer details:
Grade: High School
Subject: Chemistry
Chapter: Acid, base and salts
Keywords: salt, water, H+, hydrogen ion, Arrhenius, substance, acid, base, conjugate acid, conjugate base, Bronsted Lowry theory, hydroxide ion, cation, anion, NH3, NH4+.
