HELP, BIG POINTS!!! Long stems (T) are dominant over short stems (t) for pea plants. Determine the phenotypic and genotypic ratios of the offspring from the (Hint: draw Punnett squares, phenotypic ratios should be in the format similar to 1 Long : 1 Short and genotypic ratios should be in the form similar to 1 TT : 1 Tt : 1 tt) Be sure to reduce the ratios to lowest terms (for example, 2 : 2 reduces to 1:1):

a) cross-pollination of a heterozygous long-stem plant with a short stem plant.

Phenotypic Ratio:

Genotypic Ratio:

b) self-fertilization of a heterozygous plant

Phenotypic Ratio:

Genotypic Ratio:

4. Cystic fibrosis is regulated by a recessive allele, c. Explain (do not just fill in the Punnet square below) how two normal parents can produce a child with this disorder. Be sure to include the genotype of a child with cystic fibrosis. (Hint: give the genotypes of the normal parents and show that a cross is possible to result in a cystic fibrosis offspring).