A male and female rabbit hop into a new area where there are no other rabbits. Before they can even find shelter, they are killed by a coyote. The existence of a predator is a Limiting factor on the population of rabbits in the area.
Anything that limits the size of a population and slows or prevents its growth is considered a limiting factor. A population may expand swiftly if there are few resources available and a small population. But with time, population growth inevitably slows and eventually stops due to limiting causes. The ecology can no longer support the current level of people. Lack of a particular resource is a common way to express limiting factors.
The number of predators becomes a limiting issue when there are insufficient prey species in the environment to support a large population of predators. The number of prey is reduced by predators. The reduction in the number of predators, which relieves the strain of predators and allows prey populations to repopulate.
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