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French biologist, living in the late 1700s and early 1800s, who was the first to propose a mechanism by which evolution might occur. Although this mechanism was later found to be incorrect, he was the first to emphasis how the environment plays a key role in evolution and that the environment can help explain changes in organismal forms seen in the fossil record.

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Paleontologists had added to Europe's fossil collections by the end of the 1700s, providing a picture of the past at odds with an unchanging natural world.

  • And in 1801, Chevalier de Lamarck, a French naturalist by the name of Jean Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet, made a significant conceptual advancement by putting forth a full-fledged theory of evolution.
  • Lamarck began his scientific career as a botanist, but as an invertebrate specialist, he was one of the founding teachers of the Munsee National histories Naturelle in 1793. He was a pioneer in the classification of worms, spiders, mollusks, and other non-bony animals.

For instance, if a giraffe stretched its neck to reach for leaves, "nervous fluid" would flow into its neck, lengthening it. The longer neck would be passed down to its progeny, and over several generations, further stretching would lengthen it even further. Organs that organisms stopped using would shrink at this time.

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