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vacuoles -

Vacuoles are membrane-bound sacs within the cytoplasm of a cell that function in several different ways. In mature plant cells, vacuoles tend to be very large and are extremely important in providing structural support, as well as serving functions such as storage, waste disposal, protection, and growth.

Lysosomes

One of the key organelles involved in digestion and waste removal is the lysosome. Lysosomes are organelles that contain digestive enzymes. They digest excess or worn out organelles, food particles, and engulfed viruses or bacteria. Lysosomes are like the stomach of the cell.

Mitochondrion

Mitochondria are known as the powerhouses of the cell. They are organelles that act like a digestive system which takes in nutrients, breaks them down, and creates energy rich molecules for the cell. The biochemical processes of the cell are known as cellular respiration.Cell membrane

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The function of each organelle is:

1- Vacuoles is an organelle of plant cells, although it can eventually be seen in prokaryotic cells.

Their functions are:

  • Turgor pressure: the cells swell thanks to the vacuoles, which increases the greenish color, in order to regulate perspiration.
  • Degradation of molecules.
  • Act as storage centers for substances, such as sugar and proteins.

2- Lysosomes are a type of cellular organelles essential for cellular digestion.

Their functions are:

  • Degradation of complex molecules into simpler and more manageable ones due to their rich content in digestive enzymes.
  • By phagocytosis or endocytosis, they help assimilate extracellular material (from nutrients to bacteria and harmful agents).

3- Mitochondrion are organelles whose main function is the synthesis of cellular energy necessary for the metabolic functions of organisms.

Their functions are:

  • Production of ATP, which is known as the fuel for cellular processes.
  • Schedule or initiate the process of cell death. In this way, it controls the growth, development and the end of the cell's life cycle, also known as the cell cycle.
  • They regulate cellular biochemistry by storing and regulating the amount of calcium ions.

4- Cell membrane is a double layer of lipids that surrounds and delimits cells.

Their functions are:

  • Mechanically protect the cell, distinguishing the outside from the inside and one cell from another.
  • It allows to keep the concentration of water and other solutes in the cytoplasm stable.
  • It transmits information to the interior of the cell and sets in motion certain processes such as cell division.

Therefore, we can conclude that the vacuoles are responsible for the turgor pressure, the lysosomes are essential for cellular digestion, the mitochondria are responsible for providing energy to the cell and the Cell membrane delimits the cells, separating the interior from the exterior and allowing physical and chemical balance.

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