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Fossil Fuels
Fossil fuels are nonrenewable resources. They come from deposits of decomposed organic matter from millions of years ago, and are highly combustible. Common examples of fossil fuels that we use every day include coal, crude oil, and natural gasses.
Nuclear Energy
Nuclear energy comes from nuclear power plants, which produce energy through a process called fission. Fission creates heat, which heats water to create steam, which spins turbines (like windmills or water wheels) to produce energy. Fission is produced by splitting uranium atoms.
Biomass
Biomass is the total mass of organisms in a given area or environment. This is a renewable source of energy. Biomass energy comes from burning the organisms, which get their energy from the sun through photosynthesis. Burning the biomass releases energy in a chemical reaction.
Hydropower
Hydropower (hydroelectric power) uses a dam to store water in a reservoir, which releases water through a turbine which spins the turbine in order to produce energy (similar to the nuclear energy process and wind power).
Solar Energy
Solar power directly harvests energy from sunlight. This energy is harvested using photovoltaics (PV), and this is a renewable energy source. Mirrors can be used to focus solar light, and PV are used to convert sunlight into electric current.
Geothermal Energy
Geothermal energy is a clean and sustainable source of power that comes from the Earth's own heat. From shallow ground, the heat is accessed from hot water or hot rocks in order to produce this energy.
Wind Energy
Wind turbines are used to produce clean, renewable sources of energy. Like nuclear power or hydroelectric power, windmills are engineered to catch any amount or direction of wind in order to spin a turbine to produce electricity.
