Answer: A, Natural selection favors G6PD deficiency as compared to malaria.
Explanation:
We can eliminate B. This is because genetic drifts are changes in genes due to chance. The changes in the genes of the African Americans were not due to chance because there was a cause: malaria.
We can also eliminate C. This is because somatic mutations are mutations that can occur in every cell except the germ cells (sperm, egg), therefore meaning that the mutations that occur cannot be passed onto the offspring.