Answer:If a protein is 36 amino acids long, it will require directions for its manufacture encoded in a specific section of DNA called a gene. The gene contains the necessary information for the production of the protein through a process known as protein synthesis or translation. Here's how it works:
1. Transcription: The gene containing the instructions for the protein is first transcribed into a molecule called messenger RNA (mRNA). This process occurs in the nucleus of the cell.
2. mRNA processing: The mRNA molecule is then modified by removing certain sections called introns and joining the remaining sections called exons together. This processed mRNA molecule is now ready for translation.
3. Translation: The processed mRNA molecule moves out of the nucleus and into the cytoplasm, where it interacts with ribosomes, the cellular machinery responsible for protein synthesis. The ribosomes read the instructions encoded in the mRNA and use them to assemble the protein.
4. Amino acid sequence: The 36 amino acids needed to create the protein are brought to the ribosome by transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules. Each tRNA molecule carries a specific amino acid and pairs with the corresponding codon on the mRNA. The ribosome links the amino acids together in the correct order dictated by the mRNA instructions.
5. Protein folding: Once the amino acids are linked together, the resulting chain, known as a polypeptide, folds into its final three-dimensional shape. This folding is critical for the protein to function properly.
In summary, a protein that is 36 amino acids long will require a gene containing the instructions for its manufacture. These instructions are transcribed into mRNA, which is then translated by ribosomes to assemble the protein. The protein then undergoes folding to acquire its functional shape.
Explanation:
