Part A:
Side 1 + side 2 + side 3 = 11z2 + 4z − 6 + 4z − 7 + 12z2 −8 + 13z2 + 4z
= 11z2 + 12z2 + 13z2 + 4z + 4z + 4z - 6 - 7 - 8
= 36z2 + 12z -21
Part B:
The parameter of the trapezoid is the summation of the lengths of its four sides, thus:
Side 4 = Parameter - (side 1 + side 2 + side 3)
= Parameter - output of part A
= 7z3 + 42z2 − 15z + 1 - 36z2 - 12z + 21
= 7z3 + 6z2 - 27z +22
Part C:
For a polynomial to be closed under addition and subtraction operations, the performance of these operations on the polynomial should give a new polynomial.
Since the addition in Part A and the subtraction in Part B both resulted in new polynomials, thus, the answers of these two parts show that polynomials are closed under addition and subtraction.