The process described in the question is known as natural selection. Here's a breakdown to explain it clearly:
1. Natural selection is a key mechanism of evolution proposed by Charles Darwin.
2. In natural selection, individuals within a species vary in their traits.
3. Some of these traits are beneficial for survival and reproduction, such as camouflage for hiding from predators or beak shape for accessing food.
4. Individuals with these advantageous traits are more likely to survive, reproduce, and pass on these traits to their offspring.
5. Over time, these beneficial traits become more common in the population because individuals with them have a higher chance of passing them on.
6. This process leads to the adaptation of species to their environment over generations, as the traits that help individuals survive and reproduce become more prevalent.
So, in summary, natural selection is the process where individuals with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and produce more offspring with those traits, leading to the gradual change and adaptation of species over time.
