Aggressive forms of breast cancer are resistant to taxol chemotherapy. in these cancers, the gene encoding a protein called stathmin is overexpressed. to investigate the mechanism of action of stathmin, investigators measured tumor volume over time in mice with aggressive cancers under three conditions: no treatment (control), taxol treatment, and taxol treatment with stathmin gene expression turned off (taxol + δstathmin). their results are shown below. use these results to hypothesize how the stathmin protein affects microtubule stability.

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11-10-2017
Biology

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Aggressive forms of breast cancer are resistant to taxol chemotherapy. in these cancers, the gene encoding a protein called stathmin is overexpressed. to investigate the mechanism of action of stathmin, investigators measured tumor volume over time in mice with aggressive cancers under three conditions: no treatment (control), taxol treatment, and taxol treatment with stathmin gene expression turned off (taxol + δstathmin). their results are shown below. use these results to hypothesize how the stathmin protein affects microtubule stability.

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meerkat18 meerkat18 · Answer 1 · 2017-10-24T12:09:44+02:00

The stathmin protein decreases the stability of microtubules. When stathmin is absent, the microtubule-stabilizing effect of taxol is enhanced, and the cells are more likely to arrest• Microtubules are found in cytoplasm of cell.• Microtubules form the cytoskeleton of the cell.• Microtubules form the spindle arrangement during cell division.• The spindle formation of microtubule helps in pulling chromosomes apart.• Microtubules can assemble or disassemble.• Tubulin is an important globular protein involved in assembly of microtubules.• Stathmin protein depolymerizes microtubule assembly through binding tubulin protein.• Due to stathmin-tubulin interaction, spindle formation gets arrested and thus cell cycle stops.• Generally, stathmin controls cell proliferation through checking spindle formation.• But here, in control as well as in taxol chemotherapy conditions, the stathmin is not at all acting in interruption of spindle and the cell division is continuous.• When these cancerous tumors treated with taxol under stathmin gene off conditions, the interruption of spindle formation can be seen and the cell cycle gets arrested.• The reason might be the stathmin protein might become mutated and not at all acting on interruption of cell division in control as well as taxol alone treated conditions.• This is due to production of stathmin in cancerous cells treated with taxol.

nimamprayogo nimamprayogo · Answer 2 · 2020-01-09T17:40:32+01:00

Further explanation

Microtubules or microtubules are tubes composed of microtubulins which are about 37 nm in diameter and have a length. more robust than actin, microtubules regulate the position of organelles in cells. Microtubules are divided into two, namely singlet microtubules and doublet microtubules. Microtubules have two ends, the negative end connected to the microtubule regulating center, and the positive end near the plasma membrane. Organelles can glide along microtubules to reach different positions in the cell, especially during cell division.

Microtubules are formed from globular proteins called tubulin, each tubulin molecule is a heterodimer consisting of two globular subunits that are tightly bound. Both have nearly the same size, one of each type joining non-covalently

to form a dimer. Dimers are the building blocks for erecting microtubules. One by one the dimers form a cylindrical wall in the shape of a helix. The microtubules lengthen by adding molecular ulcules at the edges.

In addition to being a tubulin homodimer association, microtubules also associate with other proteins, namely MAP protein (microtubule associated protein or protein associated with microtubules! during cell division (microtubular interphase).

MAP (a group of proteins that bind and stabilize microtubules). Similar to two classes of chemicals that change microtubules, MAPS can stabilize microtubules. Therefore, the expression of this variable protein among various types of dangerous human diseases and between individual patients with the same type of cancer has implications for results in chemotherapy using targeting microtubule agents.

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Details

Class: College

Subject: Biology

Keywords : Microtubules,Dimer, Tubulin, Protein