B.1 and 4
In the developments of 1096-1291, 1295, and 1492 there are two traits in common: trade, as it was the machine that leads the progress, with the meet of new cultures and people, and also the East, as in all three cases, it was the trade with the East (for the 1492, it was the search for a way to trade with the East without having to pass through the Ottoman Empire) the fuel that train the development.
