Answer:
They wanted to fight the influence of the West on the Middle East.
Case in point:
The Iranian Revolution in 1979 was a key example of increased Islamic fundamentalism and antagonism against the influence of Western ideology on the Middle East. At the center of that revolution was the Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini. "Ayatollah" is the title for a Shiite Muslim religious leader. The Shia branch of the Muslim faith is the dominant religious group in Iran. The Islamic Revolution, inspired by Khomeini, ousted the shah of Iran from power. The shah was a political leader who had been supported by the United States.
